ISAAC BEN JOSEPH OF CORBEIL
- ISAAC BEN JOSEPH OF CORBEIL
- ISAAC BEN JOSEPH OF CORBEIL (known as Semak after
his main work; d. 1280), one of the great French codifiers of the
13th century; son-in-law of jehiel of paris . Isaac was
renowned for his piety which is reflected in his Sefer Mitzvot
Katan (Se-Ma-K), "Small" Book of Commandments, for
which he is mainly known. In this work, he provided the masses with a
compendium of contemporary halakhah, interspersed with
ethical homilies, parables, and aggadot. He divided the
precepts into seven "Pillars," corresponding to the seven days of the
week, apparently intending that the work be read through every week. In
his enumeration of the precepts and their details, though not in his
division of the work, Isaac was guided by the Sefer Mitzvot
Gadol of moses of coucy , but he omitted the extensive
halakhic discussions of that work. The Semak achieved wide
popularity, receiving recognition from outstanding scholars of France
and Germany and even being included by some early authorities in the
prayer book "so that the precepts could be recited daily… in place of
supplications (see Teḥinnah ) and the reading of psalms."
meir b. baruch of rothenburg 's encomium gained wide circulation
for the book in Germany, and it soon became an accepted source for the
posekim ("codifiers"), particularly
aaron ha-kohen of lunel and joseph colon . In the course of
time many annotations (the best known being those of
perez b. elijah of corbeil ) were added; in later editions, these
were sometimes merged with the original text and printed as one. The
glosses of Moses of Zurich were known (but never published) as "The
Semak of Zurich;" this consists of a selection from the works
of German and French scholars which were added to the Sefer Mitzvot
Katan. Sefer Mitzvot Katan was first published in Constantinople
(1510) and many times later. Many manuscripts still exist, evidence of
its wide popularity. Isaac's other writings include his "decisions,"
collated by one of his disciples from his responsa. His
tosafot to several tractates are also referred to in rabbinic
literature.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Urbach, Tosafot, 447–57; Waxman, Literature, 2 (19602) 128f.
(Israel Moses Ta-Shma)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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